Table 3 Intervention effects on cardiometabolic risk biomarkers of the 24-month analytical sample by study arm

STAND+

 Total (n=175)

  CMR (sum of Z scores)

0.0±0.7

0.0±0.7

0.0±0.7

-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0)

0.0 (-0.0, 0.1)

  Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

98.0±41.7

96.6±30.6

96.3±32.2

-1.9 (-4.8, 0.9)

-0.5 (-3.9, 2.8)

  Fasting insulin (uU/mL)

76.1±58.9

71.3±62.4

83.3±104.4

1.9 (-4.8, 8.6)

5.6 (-5.8, 17.0)

  HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

60.6±17.3

61.3±17.8

59.4±16.9

0.8 (-3.1, 1.6)

-1.6 (-3.5, 0.3)

  Triglycerides (mg/dL)

116.2±61.1

117.6±60.7

110.0±61.8

-7.5 (-17.1, 2.0)

-7.8 (-16.4, 1.3)

  Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

77.4±10.1

77.6±10.0

76.8±9.6

-0.6 (-1.8, 0.5)

-1.0 (-2.2, 0.3)

  Systolic BP (mm Hg)

124.7±15.1

122.5±15.1

122.7±14.8

-2.0 (-4.1, 0.2)

0.1 (-2.1, 2.3)

  Additional outcomes

  LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

109.5±29.6

110.0±30.9

110.9±29.6

0.2 (-3.1, 3.5)

0.3 (-3.5, 4.2)

 Dysglycemic subgroup (n=43)

  CMR (sum of Z scores)

0.7±0.8

0.5±0.7

0.5±0.7

-0.2 (-0.3, 0.0)

0.03 (-0.1, 0.2)

  Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

132.7±72.6

123.7±50.4

123.2±53.6

-9.7 (-19.6, 0.12)

-0.8 (-13.6, 12.1)

  Fasting insulin (uU/mL)

122±80.8

102±100.0

123.8±97.3

2.3 (-19.8, 24.4)

20.4 (-19.6, 60.5)

  HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

54±14.2

55±15.2

54.1±16.0

0.4 (-3.6, 4.4)

-0.3 (-2.7, 2.2)

  Triglycerides (mg/dL)

134.3±63.3

132.6±66.0

122.2±68.2

12.8 (-27.9, 2.3)

-11.5 (-22.9, -0.0)

  Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

83.3±10.3

82.2±10.0

80.7±9.5

-3.1 (-6.3, 0.1)

-2.1 (-5.4, 1.3)

  Systolic BP (mm Hg)

136.5±15.5

131.5±15.7

132.6±15.5

-4.5 (-10.9, 1.9)

0.6 (-4.6, 5.9)

  Additional outcomes

  HbA1c (%)

6.3±1.5

6.3±1.6

  LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

117.9±10.5

110.5±33.4

111.5±34.5

-8.3 (-16.0, -0.7)

-0.7 (-9.9, 8.6)

  Weight (kg)

99.1±24.6

96.9±25.0

98.2±25.3

-0.7 (-4.4, 2.9)

1.4 (-0.2, 3.0)

  BMI (kg/m2)

35.3±9.1

34.5±9.0

35±9.1

-0.3 (-1.7, 1.0)

0.5 (-0.1, 1.0)

  Total body fat (%)

41.5±10.3

41±10.5

40.2±10.2

-1.3 (-4, 1.5)

-0.4 (-3.0, 2.0)

MOVE+

 Total (n=149)

  CMR (sum of Z scores)

0.0±0.6

0.0±0.6

0.0±0.6

-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0)

-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0)

  Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

92.0±15.3

93.0±15.5

92.8±18.5

0.8 (-1.1, 2.6)

-0.3 (-2.0, 1.5)

  Fasting insulin (uU/mL)

70.2±50.3

64.3±47.0

73.2±56.5

3.5 (-2.9, 10.0)

9.5 (3.5, 15.5)

  HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

56.9±17.1

56.7±16.4

56.3±16.6

-0.6 (-2.4, 1.2)

-0.4 (-1.9, 1.1)

  Triglycerides (mg/dL)

128.2±73.8

127.2±68.3

119.6±68.4

-8.2 (-17.4, 1.1)

-7.6 (16.4, 1.3)

  Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

79.2±11.1

77.8±11.3

76.8±10.3

-2.3 (-3.4, -1.2)

-0.9 (-2.5, 0.7)

  Systolic BP (mm Hg)

126.4±16.5

123.7±17.1

122.5±14.8

-3.6 (-5.7, -1.6)

-1.2 (-3.1, 0.8)

  Additional outcomes

  LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

112.27±30.3

115.5±31.1

113.8±29.7

1.5 (-1.7, 4.8)

-1.8 (-5.0, 1.4)

 Dysglycemic subgroup (n=27)

  CMR (sum of Z scores)

0.5±0.8

0.38±0.6

0.4±0.7

-0.1 (-0.3, 0.0)

-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1)

  Fasting glucose (mg/dL)

114.7±21.7

113.6±24.4

115.7±30.6

1.0 (-5.1, 7.0)

2.1 (-2.5, 6.7)

  Fasting insulin (uU/mL)

104.2±74.0

86.1±64.4

98.1±82.0

-3.7 (-26.7, 19.3)

13.6 (-4.6, 31.8)

  HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

54±20.6

53.2±18.0

54.8±22.9

0.8 (-3.3, 4.8)

1.6 (-2.6, 5.8)

  Triglycerides (mg/dL)

156.2±104.9

140.2±61.7

134.9±62.6

-21.2 (-42.1, -0.4)

-5.3 (-16.8, 6.2)

  Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

82.5±12.4

81.9±12.7

79±10.4

-3.5 (-6.5, -0.5)

-3.0 (-6.2, 0.3)

  Systolic BP (mm Hg)

132.8±20.5

131.5±23.3

128.2±16.2

-3.8 (-10.3, 2.6)

-3.2 (-7.7, 1.2)

  Additional outcomes

  HbA1c (%)

5.8±0.8

5.9±0.9

  LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

111.3±33.2

115.4±36.9

111.3±37.0

0.9 (-9.5, 11.3)

-5.0 (-11.9, 1.9)

  Weight (kg)

94.7±24.9

96.1±25.8

96.4±27.3

1.7 (-1.1, 4.4)

0.3 (-1.3, 2.0)

  BMI (kg/m2)

32.4±7.8

32.9±7.9

33±8.5

0.6 (-0.4, 1.5)

0.1 (-0.4, 0.7)

  Total body fat (%)

36.8±10.3

37.2±10.0

37.1±10.7

0.3 (-1.4, 2.0)

0.6 (-1.3, 1.3)